Student Resources
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Journal Articles
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Chapter 1: The Study of Statistics in Criminal Justice and Criminology
Journal Article 1.1
Martin, J. L., Lichtenstein, B., Jenkot, R. B., & Forde, D. R. (2012). “They Can Take Us Over Any Time They Want”: Correctional Officers' Responses to Prison Crowding. The Prison Journal 92(1), 88-105.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Identify the purposes of the statistics used in the article.
Chapter 2: Scientific Research and Statistical Analysis
Journal Article 2.1
Englebrecht, C. M. (2011). The Struggle for ''Ownership of Conflict'': An Exploration of Victim Participation and Voice in the Criminal Justice System Criminal Justice Review 36(2), 129-151.
- Identify the purpose of the research used in this article.
- Describe who the author selected in order to obtain the information needed to address her research questions.
- Describe what type of analysis was used in the article.
Chapter 3: Basic Descriptive Univariate Analysis
Journal Article 3.1
Steinmetz, K. F. & Henderson, H. (2012). Hip-Hop and Procedural Justice: Hip-Hop Artists' Perceptions of Criminal Justice. Race and Justice 2(3), 155-178.
- Identify the aim of this article.
- Besides chi square, specify what others statistics were used in the analysis.
- Suggest what other questions can be addressed with the research gathered from this study.
Journal Article 3.2
Kaufman, J. M., Hall, J. E., & Zagura, M. (2012). Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and Context in School-Associated Student Homicides. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 27(12), 2373-2390.
- Indicate the purpose of this article.
- Specify what type of measure of variation was used in the analysis.
- Describe the comparisons that were made in the analysis.
Chapter 4: Describing Univariate Distributions
Journal Article 4.1
Trojan, C. & Salfati, C. G. (2011). Linking Criminal History to Crime Scene Behavior in Single-Victim and Serial Homicide: Implications for Offender Profiling Research. Homicide Studies, 15(1), 3-31.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the authors’ visual display of data.
Chapter 5: Distributions: Normal and Otherwise
Journal Article 5.1
Kleck, G. & Kovandzic, T. (2009). City-level characteristics and individual handgun ownership: Effects of collective security and homicide. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 25(1), 6-19.
- Identify the purpose of the research used in this article.
- Describe how the authors gathered the information needed to address their research questions.
- Describe what type of analysis was used in the article.
Chapter 6: An Introduction to Probability Theory and Probability Distributions
Journal Article 6.1
Byers, B.D., Warren-Gordon, K., & Jones, J.A. (2012). Predictors of Hate Crime Prosecutions: An Analysis of Data from the National Prosecutors Survey and State-Level Bias Crime Laws. Race and Justice, 2(3), 203-219.
- Identify the aim of this article.
- Specify what others statistics were used in the analysis.
- Suggest what other questions can be addressed with the research gathered from this study.
Journal Article 6.2
Leeper Piquero, N., Carmichael, S., & A.R. Piquero. (2008). Assessing the Perceived Seriousness of White-Collar and Street Crimes. Crime & Delinquency, 54(2), 291-302.
- Indicate the purpose of this article.
- Specify how probability was used in this study.
- Describe the inferences that were made from the analysis.
Chapter 7: Univariate Inferential Statistics: Sampling Distributions and Population Parameter
Journal Article 7.1
McKinney, C.M., Chartier, K.G., Caetano, R., & Harris, T.R. (2012). Alcohol Availability and Neighborhood Poverty and Their Relationship to Binge Drinking and Related Problems Among Drinkers in Committed Relationships. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(13), 2703-2727.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the authors’ use of confidence intervals in the analysis.
Journal Article 7.2
Reingle, J.M., Jennings, W.G., & Maldonado-Molina, M.M. (2012). Risk and Protective Factors for Trajectories of Violent Delinquency Among a Nationally Representative Sample of Early Adolescents. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 10(3), 261-277.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the authors’ use of measures of central tendency and dispersion in the analysis.
Chapter 8: Bivariate Hypothesis Testing with Nominal and Ordinal Variables
Journal Article 8.1
Stinson, P.M., Liderbach, J., & Freiburger, T.L. (2010). Exit Strategy: An Exploration of Late-Stage Police Crime. Police Quarterly, 13(4), 413-435.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the authors’ use of chi square in the analysis.
Journal Article 8.2
Klevens, J., Simon, T.R., & Chen, J. (2012). Are the Perpetrators of Violence One and the Same? Exploring the Co-occurrence of Perpetration of Physical Aggression in the United States. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(10), 1987-2002.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the authors’ use of contingency analysis.
Chapter 9: Bivariate Hypothesis Testing for the Difference Between Two Means
Journal Article 9.1
Callanan, V.J. & Teasdale, B. (2009). An Exploration of Gender Differences in Measurement of Fear of Crime. Feminist Criminology, 4(4), 359-376.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on student’s t test part of the analysis used in the article.
Journal Article 9.2
Bouffard, J., Bry, J., Smith, S., & Bry, R. Beyond the “Science of Sophomores”: Does the Rational Choice Explanation of Crime Generalize from University Students to an Actual Offender Sample? International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 52(6), 698-721.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the types of comparisons made in the analysis used in the article.
Chapter 10: Bivariate Hypothesis Testing with One-Way Analysis of Variance
Journal Article 10.1
Levin, J., Rabrenovic, G., Ferraro, V., Doran, T., & Methe, D. (2007). When a Crime Committed by a Teenager Becomes a Hate Crime: Results From Two Studies. American Behavioral Scientist 51(2), 246-257.
Journal Article 10.2
Ask, K. (2010). A Survey of Police Officers’ and Prosecutors’ Beliefs about Crime Victim Behaviors. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 25(6), 1132-1149.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the types of comparisons made in the data analysis and what the conclusions were based on these findings.
Chapter 11: Bivariate Linear Regression and Correlation and Linear Partial Regression and Correlation
Journal Article 11.1
Franklin, C.A., Bouffard, L.A. & Pratt, T.C. (2012). Sexual Assault on the College Campus: Fraternity Affiliation, Male Peer Support, and Low Self-Control. Criminal Justice and Behavior 39(11), 1457-1480.
- Identify the purpose of the research used in this article.
- Describe how the authors gathered the information needed to address their research questions.
- Describe the correlation analysis used in the article.
Journal Article 11.2
Kigerl, A. (2012). Routine Activity Theory and the Determinants of High Cybercrime Countries. Social Science Computer Review 30(4), 470-486.
- Identify the purpose of the research used in this article.
- Describe how the author gathered the information needed to address his research questions.
- Describe the correlation and regression analysis used in the article.
Chapter 12: Multivariate Linear Regression and Correlation Analysis and Logistic Regression-An Introduction
Journal Article 12.1
Drakulich, K.M. (2012). Strangers, Neighbors, and Race: A Contact Model of Stereotypes and Racial Anxieties about Crime. Race and Justice, 2(4), 322-355.
- Identify the aim of this article.
- Specify what others statistics were used in the analysis.
- Suggest what questions were addressed with the advanced regression analysis used in this study.
Journal Article 12.2
Balemba, S., Beauregard, E., & Mieczkowski, T. (2012). To Resist or Not to Resist? the Effect of Context and Crime Characteristics on Sex Offenders’ Reaction to Victim Resistance. Crime & Delinquency, 58(4), 588-611.
- Indicate the purpose of this article.
- Specify how probability was used in this study.
- From the logistic regression analysis, describe how the different factors influence the decision to resist or not.
Chapter 13: Nonparametric Statistics
Journal Article 13.1
Baber, C. & Butler, M. (2012). Novice Crime Scene Examiners in Simulated Crime Scenes Expertise in Crime Scene Examination: Comparing Search Strategies of Expert and Novice Crime Scene Examiners in Simulated Crime Scenes. Human Factors: the Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 54(3), 413-424.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the authors’ use of the Mann-Whitney statistic in the analysis.
Journal Article 13.2
Hartmann, D. & Depro, B. (2006). Rethinking Sports-Based Community Crime Prevention: A Preliminary Analysis of the Relationship Between Midnight Basketball and Urban Crime Rates. Journal of Sport & Social Issues, 30(2), 180-196.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the authors’ use of the Wilcoxon Rank Sum statistic in the analysis.
Chapter 14: Real Life Adventures of Statistics Users
Journal Article 14.1
Feilzer, M.Y. (2007). Criminologists making news? Providing factual information on crime and criminal justice through a weekly newspaper column. Crime Media Culture, 3(3), 285-304.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the author’s selection of data to support the assertions presented.
Chapter 15: Summary and Conclusions
Journal Article 15.1
Marvul, J.N. (2012). If You Build It, They Will Come: A Successful Truancy
Intervention Program in a Small High School. Urban Education, 47(1), 144-169.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the author’s use of correlations in the article.
Journal Article 15.2
Kurlychek, M.C., Krohn, M.D., Dong, B., Hall, G.P., & Lizotte, A.J. (2012). Protection From Risk: An Exploration of When and How Neighborhood-Level Factors Can Reduce Violent Youth Outcomes. Youth Violence & Juvenile Justice, 10(1), 83-106.
- Describe the research question that the authors addressed in the article.
- Specify what types of statistics were used throughout the article.
- Comment on the authors’ use of descriptive and regression statistics in the article.
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